Making Movies
Chimera includes the following approaches for
capturing image frames and assembling them into a movie file:
- Movie
Recorder is a graphical interface with buttons to start recording,
stop recording, and encode the saved images as a movie file.
Several parameters can be adjusted.
- The command movie provides
access to the same features, but with keywords and arguments.
This allows integration of movie recording and content
within a single command file.
- MD Movie provides an interface for
recording
trajectories, with the same adjustable parameters as
the other approaches.
Morph
Conformations results are shown in
MD Movie and can be recorded from that tool.
- Morph Map creates an interpolated progression
between two sets of volume data and
provides an interface for recording the progression as a movie.
- Additional tools step through different
volume data displays over time
and can be used together with
Movie
Recorder or the movie command:
The image frames can be captured directly from Chimera
or created by raytracing with POV-Ray.
Available output movie formats are MPEG-1, MPEG-2 MPEG-4, AVI MSMPEG-4v2,
and Quicktime.
See below for information on developing movie content
and troubleshooting problems in PowerPoint.
The window size should be adjusted before recording is started,
for example with the command
windowsize.
During recording, structures can be manipulated interactively and
commands typed.
However, for reproducibility and smoother results, often a
command file will be used instead
(see examples).
Unless raytracing is used,
other windows should not overlap the Chimera window during recording.
The frame rate in Chimera is nominally 30/s,
but is performance-limited (may be slower depending on what is displayed
and what hardware is being used). Saving frames will slow the process
further, but this slowing will not affect the playback rate
of the resulting movie (default 25 fps).
Thus, movie playback may be faster or slower than the original process
in Chimera.
Certain commands are especially useful for scripting continuous motion
and/or specifying movie content:
2dlabels
- display 2D labels, which can be faded
in or out over a specified number of frames
clip
- move global clipping planes
cofr
- change the center of rotation
freeze
- stop all motion
mclip
- control per-model
clipping
move
- translate along the X, Y, or Z axis
movie
- capture image frames and assemble them into a movie file
perframe
- specify an alias to be executed at each display frame
reset
- interpolate from the current position to one previously saved with
savepos
rock
- rock back and forth about the X, Y, or Z axis
roll
- rotate about the X, Y, or Z axis
savepos
- save and name a "position" (a set of model transformations, etc.)
scale
- scale the view
section
- move the clipping planes in parallel
select -
activate/deactivate
models for motion (to move one model relative to another)
set independent
- make models rotate about their own centers instead of a collective center
thickness
- move the clipping planes in opposite directions
turn
- rotate about the X, Y, or Z axis
wait
- suspend command processing for a specified number of frames
or until motion has stopped
windowsize
- set the dimensions of the graphics window
Since a movie is fundamentally a series of images, many of the
tips on preparing images also pertain to movies.
Simply opening
a command file
in Chimera will execute its contents.
Note opening either of the following example files in Chimera
will show the content but not create a movie, as the
movie-recording commands have been commented out with ##.
- 1gfl.com - fairly simple;
rotates green fluorescent protein, changes display styles. Data:
- 3hhr-scan.com - more elaborate; see the resulting
movie Combinatorial scanning of human growth hormone in the
Chimera Animation Gallery. Data:
See also the online
movie-making tutorial and the corresponding movie
Ligand binding and conformational change in the
Chimera Animation Gallery.
On Windows,
some Chimera-generated movies cannot be inserted into PowerPoint
presentations, or can be inserted but will not play.
In PowerPoint 2000, only the Chimera MPEG-1 format works,
but the quality is very low. Using PowerPoint 2003 or newer is recommended.
With PowerPoint 2003 on Windows,
the Chimera AVI MSMPEG-4v2 format is recommended.
Although a movie in this format can be inserted into a presentation,
it may play as a black rectangle.
To remedy this, try reducing the video acceleration in Windows Media Player
(instructions are for Media Player 10.0, but should be similar for other
versions):
- start Windows Media Player (for example,
by right-clicking a movie icon and choosing Play with Media Player)
- right-click the top bar of the Windows Media Player window
and choose menu entry Tools / Options...
- click the Performance tab in the Options dialog
- click the Advanced... button in the Video Acceleration panel
- turn off Use video mixing renderer
After PowerPoint 2003 has been restarted,
the movie should play correctly within the presentation.
We have not tested movie playing in PowerPoint 2007.
A more drastic alternative to the last two steps above is to move the
slider in the Video Acceleration panel in the Performance
tab to None.
Video acceleration in Media Player is not the only potential source of trouble.
If the problem persists, see the following information from Microsoft:
UCSF Computer Graphics Laboratory / September 2008