Making Movies

Chimera includes the following approaches for capturing image frames and assembling them into a movie file:

The image frames can be rendered directly by Chimera or created by raytracing with POV-Ray. Available output movie formats are MPEG-1, MPEG-2 MPEG-4, AVI MSMPEG-4v2, and Quicktime. See below for information on developing movie content and troubleshooting problems in PowerPoint.

Movie Content

The Chimera window should be adjusted to the desired dimensions before recording, for example with the command windowsize. Using a small and standard frame size (320 x 240, 640 x 480, or 800 x 600 pixels) may solve some playback problems. On certain platforms, other windows should not overlap the Chimera graphics window during recording (details...). This is not an issue when raytracing is used.

Since a movie is fundamentally a series of images, many of the tips on preparing images also pertain to movies.

During recording, structures can be manipulated interactively and commands typed. However, for reproducibility and smoother results, often a command file will be used instead (see examples).

Certain commands are especially useful for scripting continuous motion and/or specifying movie content:

2dlabels - display 2D labels, which can be faded in or out over a specified number of frames
clip - move global clipping planes
cofr - change the center of rotation
coordset - play through frames of a trajectory
fly - smoothly traverse a series of positions previously saved with savepos
freeze - stop all motion
mclip - control per-model clipping
move - translate models
movie - capture image frames and assemble them into a movie file
perframe - specify an alias to be executed at each display frame
reset - interpolate from the current position to one previously saved with savepos
rock - rotate models back and forth (oscillate)
roll - rotate models
savepos - save and name a "position" (model transformations, scale, etc.)
scale - scale the view
section - move the clipping planes in parallel
select - activate/deactivate models for motion
set - set background color and visual effects, make models rotate about individual centers
surftransparency - adjust surface transparency
thickness - move the clipping planes in opposite directions
turn - rotate models
wait - suspend command processing for a specified number of frames or until motion has stopped
windowsize - set the dimensions of the graphics window

In addition, the commands sleep and pause are useful for introducing pauses during live script execution, but not in movies, as no new frames are drawn during such pauses.

Command script execution can be aborted by pressing the Esc (escape) key, or paused/resumed (again, with no new frames being drawn during the pause) by pressing Shift-Esc.

The frame rate in Chimera is nominally 30/s, but is performance-limited (may be slower depending on what is displayed and what hardware is being used). Saving frames will slow the process further, but this slowing will not affect the playback rate of the resulting movie (default 25 fps). Thus, movie playback may be faster or slower than the original process in Chimera.

Movie Command File Examples

Simply opening a command file in Chimera will execute its contents. Opening any of the following example files in Chimera will show the content but not create a movie, as the movie-recording commands have been commented out with ##.

The online movie-making tutorial and the Chimera Animation Gallery contain additional examples.

Problems in PowerPoint

On Windows, some Chimera-generated movies cannot be inserted into PowerPoint presentations, or can be inserted but will not play.

Using a small and standard frame size (320 x 240, 640 x 480, or 800 x 600 pixels) may solve some playback problems. Before recording, the Chimera window can be set to specific dimensions using the command windowsize.

In PowerPoint 2000, only the Chimera MPEG-1 format works, but the quality is very low. Using PowerPoint 2003 or newer is recommended. With PowerPoint 2003 on Windows, the Chimera AVI MSMPEG-4v2 format is recommended. Although a movie in this format can be inserted into a presentation, it may play as a black rectangle. To remedy this, try reducing the video acceleration in Windows Media Player (instructions are for Media Player 10.0, but should be similar for other versions):

  1. start Windows Media Player (for example, by right-clicking a movie icon and choosing Play with Media Player)
  2. right-click the top bar of the Windows Media Player window and choose menu entry Tools / Options...
  3. click the Performance tab in the Options dialog
  4. click the Advanced... button in the Video Acceleration panel
  5. turn off Use video mixing renderer
After PowerPoint 2003 has been restarted, the movie should play correctly within the presentation. We have not tested movie playing in PowerPoint 2007. A more drastic alternative to the last two steps above is to move the slider in the Video Acceleration panel in the Performance tab to None.

Video acceleration in Media Player is not the only potential source of trouble. If the problem persists, see the following information from Microsoft:


UCSF Computer Graphics Laboratory / September 2010